In 2015 The Natural Capital Alliance and International Union for Conservation of Nature teamed up to develop a way to demonstrate the tradeoffs among ecosystem service objectives in country commitments to Forest Landscape Restoration under the Bonn Challenge. This work, supported by DFID, led to the development of the open-source geospatial analysis program The Restoration Opportunities Optimization Tool (ROOT). Hosted by Stanford University ROOT continues to be used by GIS specialists and scientists to optimize spatial decisions in contexts that range from watersheds to national-scale analyses. PIE utilizes these abilities in a less research-oriented way, focusing on its application for decision-makers in common contexts and for those without geospatial expertise. See several links to ROOT publications in the PIE Methodology Annex and access ROOT at https://naturalcapitalalliance.stanford.edu/software/invest/natcap-partnership-software-tools .